Definition and Examples of Terms of Address

A term of address is a word, phrase, name, or title (or some combination of these) used to address someone in writing or while speaking. Terms of address are also known as address terms or forms of address. Nicknames, pronouns, pejoratives, and terms of endearment all qualify. Key Takeaways: Terms of Address A term of address is any word, phrase, name, or title used to address another person.Terms of address may be formal (Doctor, The Honorable, His Excellence) or informal (honey, dear, you). Formal terms of address are often used to recognize academic or professional accomplishments, while informal terms of address are often used to show affection. A term of address may be friendly (dude, sweetheart), unfriendly (You idiot!), neutral (Jerry, Marge), respectful (Your honor), disrespectful (buddy, said with sarcasm), or comradely (My friends). Although a term of address commonly appears at the beginning of a sentence, as in Doctor, Im not convinced that this treatment is working, it may also be used between phrases or clauses. For example: Im not convinced, doctor, that this treatment is working. Related terms include  direct address,  vocative, and  honorific. Direct address is just what it sounds like. The speaker is talking directly to the person mentioned, as in the above conversation with the doctor. A vocative is the term of address used, such as the word doctor in the previous example. An honorific is a term used to show respect and comes before a name, such as Mr., Ms., the Reverend, the Honorable, and the like, as in, Mr. Smith, Ms. Jones, the Reverend Christian, and the judge, the Honorable J.C. Johnson. In formal contexts, terms of address may sometimes be used to indicate that a person has more power or authority than another. In those cases, terms of address can be used to show respect for or submission to another. Formal Terms of Address Formal terms of address are typically used in professional contexts such as academia, government, medicine, religion, and the military. In the United States, common examples include: Professor: Used to address a member of a school or universitys faculty.His/Her Excellency: Used to address the ambassadors of foreign governments.The Honorable: Used to address American ambassadors along with U.S. judges and justices.His/Her Royal Highness: Used to address members of a royal family, including British princes and princesses.Doctor: Used to address a physician who has obtained a medical degree or someone with a Ph.D.Captain: Used to address U.S. naval commanders regardless of rank; any officer who has been placed in charge of a vessel may be addressed this way.His Holiness: Used to address both the Pope of the Catholic Church and the Dalai Lama. Most formal titles, both in speaking and writing, precede a persons name. Those that follow a name include the honorary Esquire and academic suffixes that indicate possession of a degree, such as John Smith, Ph.D. Members of religious orders also use suffixes, such as John Smith, O.F.M., which indicates membership in the Ordo Fratrum Minorum (the Order of Friars Minor). Informal Forms of Address Informal terms of address are used outside of professional contexts and include terms such as nicknames, pronouns, and terms of endearment. Unlike professional forms of address, which are typically used to recognize a persons authority or accomplishments, informal terms of address are typically used to express affection or closeness. In the United States, common examples include: Honey: Used to show affection for a romantic partner or child.Dear: Used to show affection for a romantic partner or close friend.Babe/Baby: Used to show affection for a romantic partner.Bud/Buddy: Used to show affection for a close friend or child (sometimes used in a pejorative sense). In English, informal titles are sometimes used to show respect. Unlike formal titles, these do not indicate any level of professional or educational accomplishment: Mr.: Used to address both married and unmarried men.Mrs.: Used to address married women.Miss: Used to address unmarried women and girls.Ms.: Used to address women when marital status is unknown. The simple pronoun you can also be used as a term of address, i.e. Hey you, hows it going? In English, you is always informal. Some other languages, however, use multiple pronouns, each indicating a certain degree of formality. Japanese, for example, has many different pronouns that can be used between people depending on their relationship, and Spanish has both familiar and formal pronouns used as terms of address. Historically, terms of address have been used to emphasize class differences between those who have power and those who do not. The asymmetric use of names and  address terms  is often a clear indicator of a power differential, writes linguist Ronald Wardhaugh: School classrooms are almost universally good examples;  John  and  Sally  are likely to be children and  Miss  or  Mr. Smith  to be teachers. For a long time in the southern states of the United States, whites used naming and addressing practices to put blacks in their place. Hence the odious use of  Boy  to address black males. The asymmetric use of names also was part of the system. Whites addressed blacks by their first names in situations which required them to use titles, or titles and last names if they were addressing whites. There was a clear racial distinction in the process. Sources Straus, Jane. The Blue Book of Grammar and Punctuation: the Mysteries of Grammar and Punctuation Revealed. John Wiley Sons, 2006.Wardhaugh, Ronald. Understanding English Grammar: a Linguistic Approach. Blackwell, 2007.

What is the nature and importance of decision-making in investment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 812 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? I agree that right decision in investment is the first step to success and vice versa. Very important if decision-making process rely on scientific methodology of thinking and analysis to invest specific resources for certain period of time with considering of risks and uncertainty, and also important form the point of view that to set approaches to achieve these objectives, where the success in these tasks are limited by how much decision-makers are follow scientific method to collect information needed to take a decision, important also because it gives opportunity to evaluate expected revenue from all proposed investment options, and to select the appropriate investment that comply with objectives of organization and to enable decision-makers the opportunity to chose from well studied selections of investments. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What is the nature and importance of decision-making in investment?" essay for you Create order Its important also because it consider for the concept of investment choices and chances, qualification and experience, convenient (that to chose the right and suitable investment), and to aware for diversify the investment risks, all these determinants makes the right decision in investment is a master key of success, because it is very easy to decide of investment but if is it the right one? Principles of investment decision: The most convenient strategy of investment that one consider basically on priority of investors according to their view about business which usually affected by many factors as profitability which determine by rate of return, and liquidity and certainty that rely on how much business resist against risks. But decision-making process should also consider for investment determinants: Interest rate: with its indirect relation with investment according to economic concepts on investment (opportunity cost) Capital marginal efficiency: represent the marginal productivity of invested capital and also defined by return on invested capital. Scientific and technological development: what huge development in technology is offers new investment opportunity and assist the existed one with pivotal facilities on communication and software, since computer and internet be as revolution in business. Risk rate: when we classified investors for three categories, as risk avoiders, risk seekers, and those in between the two categories. Economic and political settlement on investment climate: the clear example is Iraq today compare to Iraq before first Gulf war 1991. Others factors: society awareness with importance of save and investment with attainability to active financial market. The importance of trade-offs between investment projects To use of scarce resources should follow a very proper and rational decision of how to invest these resources with lowest wastes possible, that by use of all means of comparative advantages through scientific approach to search for appropriate investment that able to ably, then to prepare the scheme/s bases by studying capital required, costs estimation, size, location, technologies needed, expected demand etc. Trade-offs between investments choices as fateful decision must based on comprehensive and very precise steps and should consider for all pros and cons of evaluation measurements, and use the best appraisal standards between investment choices. Investment appraisal methods These appraisal methods are categorized in two groups, the first one is the un deducted profitability standards in certain conditions, first one is the accounting rate of return ARP, with no consideration for tax and depreciation this method give feasibility of investment by compare the result of ARP and market interest rate, investment can be acceptable and feasible when ARP is bigger than Interest rate, second is payback period PP, as short as period to return capital of investment as investment is more feasible, period of return calculated by divide primary investment costs by annual net cash flow, this method is widely used worldwide as all information required to run is available and also because this method is more appropriate for investment in fluctuated conditions with high levels of uncertainty, this method also criticized as it neglect the profits after return of capital because it focused only on period that investment could return the capital, neglects the time value of m oney when it is not deal with time of cash flow. Deducted profitability standards, as Net present value NPV, the method characterized as logic and precise added to its consideration to deduct cash flow in order to determine the present value, this method uses in international financial organization as appraisal to evaluate investment, the method criticized as it consider only for achieved return and doesnt consider for the capital amount invested to create that returns, the last method is the internal rate of return IRR, this method still adopted by international monetary fund, world bank to evaluate investment and to give loans, the standard of this methods based on rate of discount that when in flow of cash is equal to out-flow of cash, which means the discount that value investment to zero, the method also criticized as the expected cash flow according to the IRR invested usually with the same discount price, the matter is not logic in grand investment where high interest rates usually adopted.

Who Is Misleading Us About American Revolution Essay Topics?

<h1>Who Is Misleading Us About American Revolution Essay Topics? </h1> <h2> Rumors, Deception and American Revolution Essay Topics </h2> <p>Students have occupied existences and habitually disregard a coming cutoff time. The United States today means to battle fear based oppression around the world. They concurred as they considered it to be the most ideal approach to guarantee American freedom. The War between the USA and Mexico. </p> <h2> American Revolution Essay Topics at a Glance </h2> <p>By seeing this rundown, you will make sure about different proposals for your paper points thoughts. Close by the subjects, you'd find heaps of papers for nothing out of pocket. In the event that you wish to pick overall quite intriguing American history article themes, you should be careful they should be explicit and genuinely limited with the goal that you're ready to think about a specific issue or issue. The subject for conversation sho uld be reasonable, for example you should be in a situation to go over the subject in the most itemized manner dependent on the measure of pages you should compose. </p> <h2>American Revolution Essay Topics at a Glance </h2> <p>Even its life span isn't so great. The information about the genuine characters from their country are accessible, and it might truly add to your paper concerning validity and research esteem. On the off chance that you might want to get along in the public arena with respect to cash and achievement, at that point you need to bargain an extreme makes scarcely any trade offs. Talk about its points of interest on the people. </p> <h2>The Battle Over American Revolution Essay Topics and How to Win It </h2> <p>Of course, when you appreciate perusing, at that point begin searching for an expertly composed upset article. You will find an assortment of factious exposition themes however picking the ideal one may be the essential and the absolute initial step to form a powerful article. This isn't a case of the work produced by our paper composing administration. </p> <p>Most of various papers take the essential point American Revolution where a man or lady can be able to find a lot of papers whenever intrigued on American history. Basically take a situation which you are composing an exposition from Tahiti. You can incite your crowd to take an interest in a particular activity that is fundamental to manage the issue or issue talked about in your paper. With a phenomenal paper your crowd won't should discover various sources to peruse on the transformation. </p> <h2> The Lost Secret of American Revolution Essay Topics</h2> <p>Members regularly utilize this page for an asset for progressively careful arranging, to pick certain exercises using the movement discoverer or possibly to contrast our educational plan and state principles. Free American Revolution exposition tests can be found FreeEssayHelp with no installment or enrollment. Nearby section contacts are the perfect asset to learn more on the instructive project s offered in the local network. From the outset, Easy Member Pro may be somewhat scary on the grounds that it's a participation site content. </p> <p>George Washington's part in the American Revolution was among the key purposes behind their prosperity. It's the European country express that is the issue, as it is inseparably entwined with what Cedric Robinson called racial private enterprise. Expound on the capacity of the Underground Railroad in liberating singular slaves together with adding to the general development of the abolitionist development. </p> <p>Imagine yourself as an early American and consider what might make you wish to visit war. This is a significant solid story communicated by means of the adoration for siblings. Smothering a disobedience in the us additionally presented different issues. Discover all the more with respect to this valiant man. </p> <p>He appeared to see better than each other general the perfect way to utilize volunteer army. Abrogation Finally, the themes inside this area urge understudies to grasp what in the long run brought about the cancelation of servitude. As a student of history you should cross examine your sources and pose the imperative inquiries. Important Topics that are identified with your general public will draw in the peruser in the best conceivable way. </p> <h2> The Benefits of American Revolution Essay Topics </h2> <p>Some individuals don't accept that the American Revolution ought to be viewed as an unrest in any regard. Begin searching for articles which have been composed on American Revolution. Upheaval in the new world is an amazing point for an altered unrest article. Decipher the American Revolution through your article. </p> <p>No single occasion brought about the insurgency. In any case, the essential purpose behind the Revolution is financial aspects. There is a moment in each unrest when it's ready to fizzle. Be that as it may, what is ensured is that everyone would consent to the awareness of the American Revolution. </p> <h2> The Upside to American Revolution Essay Topics</h2> <p>Inquire into the terms alone and ensure that sequential request is clung to. For instance, a not too bad number of people of Massachusetts settled on a choice to encompass the state house in Exeter due to the explanation which their supplications were not put getting looked at. Similarly, specialists will tend to frustrate and demoralize any person that is seeking to conflict with their will. Discussion about the estimation of French direction to American soldiers. </p>

The New Fuss About Eeconomic Essay News Topics

<h1> The New Fuss About Eeconomic Essay News Topics </h1> <h2> The Hidden Treasure of Eeconomic Essay News Topics</h2> <p>If you're hoping to think about the predominant exposition on microeconomics themes without anyone else, the absolute ahead of everyone else you should look is the web. In this manner, it's constantly critical to acquire a theme that intrigues you. Simply investigate and see whether there's a theme you're keen on. Choosing a fantastic point may not be basic. </p> <p>Whether you've encountered a temporarily uncooperative mind and can't make up an eye-appealing theme for your task or simply need to secure a thought regarding what a brilliant research paper point should appear as though, we'll offer you a hand and assist you with choosing the most appropriate subject to expound on in your paper. The discussion addresses range a wide number of discussion points. An exploration point must be real and refreshed. Attempt some of these themes. </p> <p>Often simple and clear subjects are adequate to launch your cerebrum once more. Making a rundown of the advantages and inconveniences is the perfect starting to composing a points of interest and burdens exposition about expansion. Our monetary history subject recommendations can be utilized to make one of a kind tips for your own exploration papers. There are various components that must be thought of in the event that you wish to choose a serviceable and fascinating exposition theme. </p> <p>Debate points don't generally should be not kidding they're ready to emphatically be entertaining moreover! Papers have transformed into a necessary part of formal training. Normally, with every one of these potential outcomes, financial matters articles can be on a wide range of subjects. Commonly, papers on financial aspects are to some degree more extreme than different subjects so it's imperative to comprehend what the financial aspects papers should be expounded on, al ongside the best possible approach to compose it. </p> <p>Writing an eminent powerful research paper is a troublesome assignment. As an undergrad, you're anticipated to compose premium quality articles. It's just expected to flexibly thoughts for a paper. Paper Masters can gather a venture you might be satisfied with. </p> <p>One of the most troublesome job in advertising (in case you're a startup or a little business) is on how much cash you are anxious to spend in PR exercises to urge people to talk about your administrations or items. Principle center is the critical attribute of the overall budgetary climate. Excessively long and your understudies will most likely drop intrigue and the significant news in the short article could be lost. Space, the last outskirts. </p> <p>By urging youthful understudies to compose innovatively and express their own unordinary thoughts, you will see they grow better aptitudes in every one of the subjects they are considering. Each class or educator will likely take an alternate organization or sort of research undertaking. Your understudies can pick from various news points, empowering them to encounter certifiable premium while learning English. Your ESL understudies could be creating top to bottom inquiries and could start to pose to you about nearby and overall news. </p> <p>Narrating back an ongoing occasion lets you talk broadly about something which has transpired, allowing you to work on utilizing huge amounts of exceptional words and sentences. You may likewise pick the mistaken point to examine the picked verifiable occasion. You seem, by all accounts, to be a person who realizes how to peruse, so I'd return and read the explanation which I said right now,'' said. After you pick a particul ar theme, stage one is to form into an expert in the territory. </p> <p>Macroeconomics is to check at the whole woods from the plane. For instance, financial matters expositions should explore, report, investigate, and assess issues specific to the creation, dissemination, and utilization of items and arrangements. In this example, the financial aspects articles could deal with the issues of real home and joblessness. </p>

How to Choose The Best Essay Topics For Writing Papers

<h1>How to Choose The Best Essay Topics For Writing Papers</h1><p>Writing an exposition isn't constantly a simple assignment. It could be troublesome in light of the fact that you need to invest the push to make sure that you concoct viable and intriguing substance. In any case, it is as yet significant that you invest some energy to discover the best article points and afterward inquire about on them. There are various sources that can assist you with discovering the best subjects for composing expositions so you don't come up short on themes to compose about.</p><p></p><p>When it comes to composing papers, there are various article points that you can browse. The most widely recognized subjects incorporate general and individual expositions, financial aspects, and showcasing. You can likewise pick different themes like wellbeing, religion, legislative issues, culture, and sentiment. Every point has a reason and needs explicit composing styl es and methodologies. Thus, contingent upon the topic, you can pick a point to suit your style.</p><p></p><p>One of the things that makes an exposition theme for an organization or a business solid is its uniqueness. On the off chance that the theme has a one of a kind edge, it is bound to catch everyone's eye. The central matter is that it must stand apart from the remainder of the papers that are accessible. The uniqueness of the point must be the characterizing factor in picking a decent theme. On the off chance that you don't pick the correct theme, you may think that its difficult to concoct a decent composing style.</p><p></p><p>Another approach to find the best exposition points is to look through the Internet. There are a lot of online locales that offer subjects. It is significant that you experience the site and take a gander at the subjects first before picking one. It is significant that you see what individuals are expound ing on when they discover that you have remembered a similar theme for the exposition that you are submitting. This will give you a thought of how one of a kind the subject is and on the off potential for success that it can have out among the numerous others that are out there. The most significant point to remember is that this composing is to engage just as educate. In this way, it is significant that you incorporate data that individuals will need to know in their own articles. Your exposition should fill the two needs according to the reader.</p><p></p><p>When you locate the best article points to compose your exploration papers, the undertaking is simpler. The subsequent stage is pick the best substance for your paper. It would be a smart thought to initially compose the substance in a short exposition or even two. The following stage is perused the substance and choose whether or not you concur with the tone, structure, and the key focuses. You may lik ewise need to remember your own contemplations for request to ensure that you comprehend the material properly.</p><p></p><p>Before you present your papers, make certain to check in the event that you have picked the best exposition themes and that you have remembered your own musings and conclusions for your articles. The exact opposite thing that you need to do is to let the understudy see that you are a beginner. Ensure that your substance is exceptional, intriguing, and has a ton of fun to it. At that point, you should simply kick back and watch the papers to see whether your papers are up to par.</p>

Bad Credit Loan Essay

<h1>Bad Credit Loan Essay</h1><p>If you are needing composing an author exposition that will get you a great job or raise your wages, at that point getting a terrible credit advance won't be simple. The truth of the matter is, no loan specialist will have similar rules for favoring or denying your application.</p><p></p><p>You should have the option to take a gander at your very own circumstance and consider the effect on your life on the off chance that you got a terrible record as a consumer. It will be useful in the event that you comprehend what your credit is stating about you.</p><p></p><p>A FICO rating, as the name infers, shows how monetarily stable you are. It likewise shows how rapidly you can take care of the cash that you owe on your Visa. Your financial assessment might be an individual record of your obtaining propensities, yet loan specialists use it to choose whether you are probably going to take care of them on schedule or not.</p><p></p><p>Since such a significant number of individuals have terrible credit, there are banks who would prefer truly not to loan cash to the individuals who have it and moneylenders who would prefer truly not to loan cash to the individuals who don't have it. Yet, these two gatherings of individuals do have various methods for choosing which candidate is best for them. Banks see factors like pay, record as a consumer, resources, how old you are, etc.</p><p></p><p>So, while applying for awful credit advances, it is critical to think about things regarding your specific circumstance. For instance, on the off chance that you can't bear the cost of a vehicle, at that point you will be out of luck.</p><p></p><p>What may assist you with getting a credit is to be set up with a valid justification why you need a specific sort of advance. For instance, in the event that you can't manage th e cost of a vehicle, clarify why this circumstance makes it essential for you to apply for awful credit advances. The most ideal approach to locate a decent clarification for what you need is to have the bank to perceive what is in it for you.</p><p></p><p>One great approach to concoct a suitable clarification for what you need is to talk about with your loan specialist what individual conditions that you are right now in. Attempt to envision what a bank would think in the event that they recognized what you are experiencing and attempt to improve your credit.</p><p></p><p>Finally, it is in every case best to attempt to get some involvement in terrible credit advances before you apply. In the event that you don't have the cash to begin with, you might be in a superior situation to comprehend what is engaged with an awful credit loan.</p>

Cupcake Suite Cupcakery, An Example Of An Existing...

Loten and Neddleman (2011) researched Cupcake Suite Cupcakery, an example of an existing business that used crowdfunding. The bakery influenced people to donate money by rewarding them with sweet treats. â€Å"Cupcake Suite Cupcakery, a New York start-up wholesale bakery founded by three cookbook authors, last fall raised almost $9,000 in part through a crowd-funding platform to help offset the cost for a planned new location. Any contributor who provided at least $25 got a half-dozen whoopie pies† (para 5). This bakery experienced a successful crowdfunding campaign to fund their expansion. The bakery influenced contributors by offering whoopie pies as a gift for donating money. Mollick and Nanda (2015) discovered that people in general are more likely than professionals to fund projects that offer multiple levels of rewards, contribute updates, and display pictures and video. People in general and professionals are influenced to fund entrepreneurial projects in different ways. â€Å"Our second finding is that despite the broad congruence in evaluation, we see a systematic pattern in terms of the disagreement. Of the projects where there is no agreement, the crowd is much more likely to have funded a project that the judge did not like than the reverse. Approximately 75% of the projects where there is a disagreement are ones where the crowd funded a project but the expert would not have funded it. We also see a clear pattern in terms of the characteristics of projects that are liked

Health Research Understanding the Present Scenario

Question: Describe about the effectiveness of school-based health education program is thereby helpful in understanding the present scenario in the society in relation to the reduction of childhood obesity? Answer: Introduction Health research is of high value to the present society in relation to the increasing health burden across the globe. Research gives significant information about the various aspects of health, including the treatment and public health interventions. The various approaches to research provide complementary insights (Green and Thorogood 2013). According to Karnik and Kanekar (2015), the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased substantially over the past few decade, and millions of children across the globe have this health issue, including the United Kingdom. The high prevalence of obesity among children has serious health issues. This puts forward the need for understanding and identifying the suitable approaches for preventing and managing obesity among children. Research into the topic would be appropriate in this regard. The present research proposal is on the topic of the effectiveness of school-based education program to reduce childhood obesity. The research would be undertaken by application of the PICO question. The proposal lays out the rationale for choosing the particular topic, the background and research question, methodology, means of data analysis, emerging themes, implications for pubic health practice and recommendations. Rationale Childhood obesity and overweight is one of a global public health issue and is accountable for childhood mortality and morbidity. Moreover, it increases the risk of health complications like cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer and osteoarthritis. The World Health Organisation has indicated that childhood obesity is a global health challenge in the 21st century (Dooyema et al. 2013). The National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) measures the health of one million school children in England every year and gives a clear idea about the prevalence of child obesity. As per the latest figures, for the year 2014/2015, 9.1% of children aged 10-11 are obese and 9.1% of children aged between 4-5 years are obese. This implies that a third of 10-11-year-olds are obese, and almost a fifth of 4-5-year-olds are obese (Noo.org.uk 2016). Drawing from the scenario of health outcomes among children, preventing childhood obesity is an effectual method to diminish the risk of poor health o utcomes among children. The present research would, therefore, be taken up for assessing the effectiveness of school-based health promotion education in reducing childhood obesity. Background It has been identified that schools have the potential to be a suitable avenue for interventions directed towards childhood obesity. legislation and appropriate guidelines have been approved in some countries for the suitable implementation of a school-based intervention (Wang et al. 2013). Khambalia et al. (2012) identifies that many literatures has put forward evidence that school-based interventions are effective in such cases while a section of literature strives to establish that school-based intervention and health promotion are not effective to the maximum extent. Therefore, no particular conclusion has been drawn on the particular topic. School-based interventions are a significant topic in relation to the reduction of childhood obesity. This aspect was thereby taken up as the topic for the present research. Aim of the Research The aim of the research is to assess and evaluate the effectiveness of school-based health promotion education in successfully reducing childhood obesity among children aged 5-11 years old. The research question is: Is school-based health promotion education effective in reducing childhood obesity amongst children aged 5 - 11 years old? PICO Finding answers for conducting research in the health literature is surely a challenge. It is crucial in researches to have the appropriate research question, and it is basic to the evidence-based decision making process. A well-constructed question must be set up for undertaking the research in a suitable manner. The best means of constructing such a research question is the PICO format. P stands for the patient population; I stand for the intervention, C is the comparison made and O stands for the outcomes desired (Grant et al. 2015). P Children aged 5 11 years I --- School based health promotion education C --- N/A O --- Reducing childhood obesity Methodology The literature review would be conducted by searching for research articles in electronic databases. An electronic database is the organised collection of valuable information, of the multi-disciplinary subject or a particular subject areas. The electronic database for the present research is Google Scholar. The reason for selecting Google Scholar as the database to search on is that it is a rich source of journal articles on varied areas and subjects. The journal articles, conference proceedings, book reviews and newspaper articles found in the database are reliable as they are peer-reviewed, and they are updated on a quarterly, monthly, weekly and daily basis. Full-text articles are found in the database, and whole content of the articles like a citation, text, information and diagrams are available. Google scholar would be searched for research papers on the concerned topic. Literature search strategies Key words: Key words are the main terms of the research question that are to be used in combination with each other for conducting the research. The use of keywords makes the search appropriate and as per the requirements (Golden et al. 2012). The keywords for the present search are School based health promotion education, obesity, children. Boolean operation: Boolean operation are the logic operations (AND, NOT, OR, and AND NOT) that are used as conjunctions for excluding or combining keywords in a search for retrieving results that are more productive and focused. This saves effort and time by elimination of inappropriate hits (Golden et al. 2012). The Boolean operation used for the present search was AND. The operation was used along with the above mentioned keywords. AND operator requires the terms used to be in each item returned. If one term is present in the document and the other is not present, the document is not included in the list retrieved. Therefore, the search result is narrowed down. Inclusion criteria The articles published in the year 2006 was included in the research The articles that were on the topic of effectiveness of school-based health promotion education were included in the research Exclusion criteria The articles published before the year 2006 was not included in the research The articles that were not on the topic of effectiveness of school-based health promotion education were not included in the research PRISMA Flow diagram: please refer to appendix The sixth article can be included in the research later on in due course by choosing among the other appropriate articles retrieved as the result of the search. Discuss how the Literature will be analysed in the future Literary analysis is a sort that resembles an argument in that a claim is made from the literature, and then the claim is supported by evidence and reasoning. For the present research, literature would be analysed further with the focus on not offering a personal opinion but on interpreting the text. The informed opinion on the texts interpretation would be offered. The analysis would be more objective and try to draw all possible inferences from the literature. Analysis and Synthesis and their Data Brown and Summerbell (2009) undertook research to determine the effectiveness of school-based interventions to prevent childhood obesity. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for suitable studies were analysed. The conclusion drawn was that physical activity interventions in primary schools help to prevent children from becoming overweight. Fung et al. (2012) conducted research to find that school-based health promotion improves health behaviours among children, and this is the best practice. Kropski, Keckley and Jensen (2008) drew conclusion that gender differences lie in effectiveness of school-based programs and social learning is more suitable for girls and structural interventions are more suitable for boys. Fung et al. (2012) reported on the success of Comprehensive School Health (CSH) in improving diets, activity levels, and body weights. In 2008 and 2010, the researchers surveyed grade 5 students from approximately 150 randomly selected schools from the Canadian province of Alber ta and students from 10 APPLE Schools. In 2010 relative to 2008, students attending APPLE Schools were eating more fruits and vegetables, consuming fewer calories, were more physically active and were less likely obese. These changes contrasted changes observed among students elsewhere in the province. These findings provide evidence on the effectiveness of CSH in improving health behaviors. Stock et al. (2007) designed and tested a novel health promotion program for elementary schools that was based on peer teaching from older to younger schoolchildren. This prospective pilot study compared the effect of the program (23 hours/week, 21 weeks) in 2 Canadian elementary schools (intervention:n= 232 children, the whole school implementing the program; control:n= 151).Compared with control students, both older and younger intervention students showed an increase in healthy-living knowledge, behavior, and attitude scores and a smaller increase in systolic blood pressure. BMI and weight in creased less in the intervention students in 4th through 7th grade and height more in the intervention students in kindergarten through 3rd grade. The student-led curriculum improved knowledge not only in older schoolchildren but also in their younger buddies. It also decreased weight velocity in the older students. Ethical Consideration A literature review is the means of assessing the body of literature, synthesizing previous work and locating gaps in preparing the future research. Ethics are to be maintained while undertaking a literature review (Aveyard 2014). The findings of the study would be reported with complete honesty. There will be no actions that are misleading, misinterpreting, misinformed and mispresenting. The peoples work would be given appropriate credit. Emerging themes For obtaining a real influence on childhood obesity, a more broad advancement to obesity care is essential in the healthcare system. Given the significance of childhood obesity among children aged 5-11 years, this makes up an extremely active area of research in present time. Relation of public health guidelines and the development of policies for school-based health education program is the emerging theme from the research. Aim The aim of further research would be to identify the relation of public health guidelines and policies with a school based health educational program. Implications for Public Health Practice Answers to the research question drawn from research studies are the foundation for future actions taken up the public health departments. On the basis of the findings of the present research, the public health department may take up desirable measures for encouraging schools to promote health education for reducing childhood obesity. Health policies and measures can formulate according to the evidence found from research. Recommendations Schools must implement more educational programs that would educate children about the risk factors and management of obesity. They must encourage the children to have a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent obesity and interventions given with proper education would be the best approach in this regard. Conclusion Research on the topic of the effectiveness of school-based health education program is thereby helpful in understanding the present scenario in the society in relation to the reduction of childhood obesity. Analysis of literature was the suitable method for drawing on conclusions on the matter. Further research is warranted to detail out more implications of school-based health education program in reducing obesity among children aged 5-11-year-old. References Aveyard, H., 2014.Doing a literature review in health and social care: A practical guide. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). url:https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?hl=enq=Aveyard%2C+H.%2C+2014.+Doing+a+literature+review+in+health+and+social+care%3A+A+practical+guide.+McGraw-Hill+Education+%28UK%29.btnG= Brown, T. and Summerbell, C. 2009. Systematic review of school-based interventions that focus on changing dietary intake and physical activity levels to prevent childhood obesity: an update to the obesity guidance produced by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.Obesity Reviews, 10(1), pp.110-141. url:https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Brown%2C+T.+and+Summerbell%2C+C.+2009.+Systematic+review+of+school-based+interventions+that+focus+on+changing+dietary+intake+and+physical+activity+levels+to+prevent+childhood+obesity%3A+an+update+to+the+obesity+guidance+produced+by+the+National+Institute+for+Health+and+Clinical+Excellence.+Obesity+Reviews%2C+10%281%29%2C+pp.110-141.btnG=hl=enas_sdt=0%2C5 Dooyema, C.A., Belay, B., Foltz, J.L., Williams, N. and Blanck, H.M., 2013. The childhood obesity research demonstration project: a comprehensive community approach to reduce childhood obesity.Childhood Obesity,9(5), pp.454-459. Fung, C., Kuhle, S., Lu, C., Purcell, M., Schwartz, M., Storey, K. and Veugelers, P. 2012. From "best practice" to "next practice": the effectiveness of school-based health promotion in improving healthy eating and physical activity and preventing childhood obesity.Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 9(1), p.27. url:https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Fung%2C+C.%2C+Kuhle%2C+S.%2C+Lu%2C+C.%2C+Purcell%2C+M.%2C+Schwartz%2C+M.%2C+Storey%2C+K.+and+Veugelers%2C+P.+2012.+From+%22best+practice%22+to+%22next+practice%22%3A+the+effectiveness+of+school-based+health+promotion+in+improving+healthy+eating+and+physical+activity+and+preventing+childhood+obesity.+Int+J+Behav+Nutr+Phys+Act%2C+9%281%29%2C+p.27.btnG=hl=enas_sdt=0%2C5 Fung, C., Kuhle, S., Lu, C., Purcell, M., Schwartz, M., Storey, K. and Veugelers, P.J., 2012. From best practice to next practice: the effectiveness of school-based health promotion in improving healthy eating and physical activity and preventing childhood obesity.Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act,9(1), p.27. Golden, S.H., Brown, T., Yeh, H.C., Maruthur, N., Ranasinghe, P., Berger, Z., Suh, Y., Wilson, L.M., Haberl, E.B. and Bass, E.B., 2012. Detailed Electronic Database Search Strategies. Grant, R., Bulbeck, H., Oliver, K., Quinn, G., MacDonald, L., Day, J., Zienius, K. and Morley, R., 2015. OP01THE UK TOP 10 CLINICAL RESEARCH PRIORITIES IN NEURO-ONCOLOGY.Neuro-Oncology,17(suppl 8), pp.viii16-viii16. Green, J. and Thorogood, N., 2013.Qualitative methods for health research. Sage. Karnik, S. and Kanekar, A., 2015. Childhood obesity: a global public health crisis.Int J Prev Med, 2012. 3 (1), pp.1-7. Khambalia, A.Z., Dickinson, S., Hardy, L.L., Gill, T. and Baur, L.A., 2012. A synthesis of existing systematic reviews and metaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ analyses of schoolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based behavioural interventions for controlling and preventing obesity.Obesity Reviews,13(3), pp.214-233. Kropski, J., Keckley, P. and Jensen, G. 2008. School-based Obesity Prevention Programs: An Evidence-based Review.Obesity, 16(5), pp.1009-1018. url:https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Kropski%2C+J.%2C+Keckley%2C+P.+and+Jensen%2C+G.+2008.+School-based+Obesity+Prevention+Programs%3A+An+Evidence-based+Review.+Obesity%2C+16%285%29%2C+pp.1009-1018.btnG=hl=enas_sdt=0%2C5 Noo.org.uk, (2016).Child Obesity :: Public Health England Obesity Knowledge and Intelligence team. [online] Available at: https://www.noo.org.uk/NOO_about_obesity/child_obesity [Accessed 1 Mar. 2016]. Stock, S., Miranda, C., Evans, S., Plessis, S., Ridley, J., Yeh, S. and Chanoine, J. (2007). Healthy Buddies: A Novel, Peer-Led Health Promotion Program for the Prevention of Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children in Elementary School.PEDIATRICS, 120(4), pp.e1059-e1068. url:https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?q=Stock%2C+S.%2C+Miranda%2C+C.%2C+Evans%2C+S.%2C+Plessis%2C+S.%2C+Ridley%2C+J.%2C+Yeh%2C+S.+and+Chanoine%2C+J.+%282007%29.+Healthy+Buddies%3A+A+Novel%2C+Peer-Led+Health+Promotion+Program+for+the+Prevention+of+Obesity+and+Eating+Disorders+in+Children+in+Elementary+School.+PEDIATRICS%2C+120%284%29%2C+pp.e1059-e1068.btnG=hl=enas_sdt=0%2C5 Wang, Y., Wu, Y., Wilson, R.F., Bleich, S., Cheskin, L., Weston, C., Showell, N., Fawole, O., Lau, B. and Segal, J., 2013. Childhood obesity prevention programs: comparative effectiveness review and meta-analysis.

Drivers Of Employee Performance Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Drivers Of Employee Performance. Answer: The various Human Resource Management tools are the drivers of employee performance and organizational goal achievement in this modern era. The HRM tools render the work environment friendly for the employee and makes sure that everyone of them is taken care of without any kind of inequality in practice (Indermun 2014). For an organization to achieve excellence, it is essential for the company to keep their employees happy so that they work to the best of their capabilities to achieve the goals and targets of the organization (Men 2014). It is a fact that the companies with the most employee friendly HRM policies certainly have the best of the employees and low resignation rates. FedEx or the Federal Express Corporation is regarded as one of the companies with the best HRM practice. It is stated that the company has the most loyal employees and all of them are so happy with their work and the company that they hardly ever wish to leave the company even if offered better pay. The organization was started in the year 1971 by Frederick W. Smith (About FedEx 2018). It was initially started as a company that used to deliver documents overnight to people in form of shipments. The delivery service since then has become so popular that it is one of the leading shipment and courier services in the entire world. It has been said that the employees were so supportive to the organization in the initial days that they were ready to swipe their own credit cards to buy fuel and deliver the shipments to the clients. The commitment levels of the employees were so huge that even when they did not receive salary on time, they worked dedicatedly for the company FedEx has an amazing People-Service-Profit system in their work process. The PSP system actually refers to the companys policy that states that if the organization took good care of its employees then the employees would take care of the customers and this in return will lead to more orders and a substantial rise in the profits (Shi 2015). Such programs by the HRM of the company has made it possible for the organization to make sure that each and every individual related to the company is happy and does their best in serving the customers. The Survey-Feedback-Action program that the company uses is very efficient and it has been in use from the very early days of the organization. The program is the reward and recognition program for employee appraisal on a yearly basis. The management sends out online survey forms and based in the survey the rewards and appraisals are given out to the employees. This is done in a timely manner and hence the employees look forward to the appraisal time. Every year in the month of April thus entire process takes place. The fact that it is completely based on performance and it analyzes all the deficits that the organization has in its internal and external environment makes it more a worthy process (Mishra 2015). The company has a program known as Leadership Evaluation and Awareness Process (LEAP) which is a promotional chance for the cadre employees to move up to the managerial level. The organization has an open door policy for its employees and hence the communication inside the organization is very good. The entire employee base is well aware of the changes that are planned in an organization and they are part of all the programs that are being conducted in the company. As a part of the awards for the employees who perform exceedingly well, the organization as awards such as the Golden Falcon and the Bravo Zulu awards for such employees (Smith 2014). Such awards enormously encourage and motivate the employees to work hard and reach up to the front in order to get the award. The various policies that are functional in the HR department of the organization has made it one of the most employee friendly organizations in the global sphere. Each of the recruited employees is trained under the leaders of the organization. This is done so that they can deliver the duties which they will be assigned. The complete guidance and on-Job training adds to the experience of the employee and actually makes the person aware of the job responsibilities and enables him to perform better (Keep 2014). Such policies and HRM tools are the ones which make the employee to be a part of the organization and hence their dedication level takes a leap. The employee retention also increases because every employee is dedicated to the job at hand and hence there remains no reason for the organization to terminate an employee. HRM tools add to the competitive advantage as the employees who join a company like the FedEx are less likely to leave the organization in the near future and opt for any other organization. The employees are happy and they get all the aids and perks that an employee deserves from the employer. The employees have become so loyal to the employer that they wish to work in the interest of the company rather than their own interest. The competitive advantage lies in the fact that as FedEx keeps its employees content and happy, the employees in return provide best of the services to the customers whereas others in the same industry can be into negligence towards the job because their employees do not keep them satisfied. The level of trust between the company and the employees is so high that they are inseparable and any external force does not affect an employee of the FedEx in engaging into any such activity which is against the organization. Right from recruitment to retention of the e mployees, the entire HRM process is inclined towards the employees and their happiness in the company and it essentially increases the employee loyalty. References About FedEx. (2018).History - About FedEx. [online] Available at: https://about.van.fedex.com/our-story/history-timeline/history/ [Accessed 10 Mar. 2018]. Indermun, V., 2014. Importance of Human Resource Management Practices and the Impact Companies Face in Relation to Competitive Challenges.Singaporean Journal of Business, Economics and Management Studies,51(1448), pp.1-11. Keep, E., 2014. Corporate training strategies: the vital component?.New Perspectives, pp.109-125. Men, L.R., 2014. Strategic internal communication: Transformational leadership, communication channels, and employee satisfaction.Management Communication Quarterly,28(2), pp.264-284. Mishra, S., 2015. Effective communication for corporate sector: A need for a paradigm shift.Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing,6(7), p.749. Shi, C.A.O., 2015. The Implications of FedEx to Human Resource Management of Logistics Enterprises in Beijing.International Business and Management,11(3), pp.17-23. Smith, E.B., 2014. The Effect of Critical Optimism on Transformational Leadership.Leadership Organizational Management Journal,2014(1).